Napoleon Bonaparte

Generals and the famous French emperor, Napoleon I, out of the womb in Ajaccio, Corsica, in 1769. Its original name was Napoleon Bonaparte. Corsica in the French territory only fifteen months before Napoleon was born, and at times juvenile Napoleon a Corsican nationalist who considered France's oppressors. However, Napoleon was sent into a military academy in France and when he graduated in 1785 at the age of fifteen he became the French army lieutenant.
Four years later the French Revolution erupted, and within a few years the new French government engaged in war with some foreign countries. Napoleon's first chance to show skill is in the year 1793, in the battle of Toulon (France take back the city from the hands of England), where Napoleon served in an artillery unit. At that time he was no longer hold on to understand Corsicanya nationalists, but people already consider themselves French. Successes obtained in Toulon, declaring himself to be Brigade-General and in 1796 he was given the burden of responsibility so command the French army in Italy. In the country, between the years 1796-1797, Napoleon had also seized a string of victories that made him a hero when he returned to France.
In 1798 he led the invasion of France to Egypt. This step proved to be disastrous. On land, the troops of Napoleon generally successful, but the British Navy under the command of Lord Nelson with a steady ransacked French fleet, and in 1799 Napoleon left his army in Egypt and returned to France.
Once in France, Napoleon was keen to conclude that the French people more remembered by his victories in Italy than the failure of the French expedition to Egypt. Hold on to this fact, only a month after she stepped on the earth of France, Napoleon took part in a power struggle with Albe Sieyes and others. This coup gave birth to a new government called the "Consulate General", and Napoleon became first consul. Although the constitution was drawn up with care and received approval through a plebiscite of the people, it's just a mere mask to cover up the military dictatorship of Napoleon, who immediately able to nudge and crippling his opponents.
The rise of Napoleon to the throne of power absolutely amazing. Precisely in August 1793, before the battle of Toulon, Napoleon completely unknown. He was nothing more than a low officer twenty-four years old and not entirely the French. However, less than six years later - still in the age of thirty years - has transformed a French ruler indisputable again, a position he held for more than fourteen years.
In the years of his rule, Napoleon made a major reshuffle in the government administrative system as well as French law. For example, he revolutionized the financial structure and the judiciary, he founded the Bank of France and the University of France, and menyentralisir administration. Although each of these changes have an important meaning, and in some cases have the long-term effects, especially to France, does not have a significant effect for other countries.
But one of the reforms undertaken by Napoleon had power beyond the influence of the French state itself. Namely, what is the famous formulation called Code Napoleon. In many ways, this code reflects the ideas of the French Revolution. For example, under this code there are no special privileges based on birth and origins, all people equal in the eyes of the law degrees.Coincided with that code is pretty close to the old laws and customs of France, so accepted by the people of France and the court system. In general, the code was moderate, neatly organized and written in concise, clear, and can be accepted, moreover easily understood. As a result, this code is not only applicable in France (French civil law in force today is almost similar to the Code Napoleon was) but also accepted in other countries with which changes according to local needs.
Political Napoleon always convinced that he is a man who defended the French Revolution.However, in the year 1804 which he himself also memperoklamirkan himself as Emperor of France. Plus, he raised his three older siblings throne in several European countries. This step can not grow displeasure on the part of people who consider the French Republic was totally embarrassed a betrayal of the ideas and objectives of the French Revolution. However, the main difficulty faced is the battle with Napoleon foreign countries.
In the year 1802, in Amiens, Napoleon signed a peace treaty with England. This gives relief to the French wind that within ten years continuously in an atmosphere of war. However, in the next year a peace treaty was broken and a long battle with the British and their allies began again. Although Napoleon's army repeatedly won the battle on the mainland, the UK could not be defeated if not terlumpuhkan sea fleet. Unfortunately for Napoleon, the battle is impossible at Trafalgar in 1805, the British fleet won a great victory. Therefore, control and power of England in the ocean is not no doubt about it. Although great victory of Napoleon (at Austerlitz against Austria and Russia) occurred six weeks after Trafalgar, it was not able to remove the bitterness of defeat in the naval sector.
In 1808 Napoleon's done great folly to involve France in a long war and the uncertain end of the base in the Iberian Peninsula, where the French army still stuck for years. However, Napoleon's biggest mistake was his attack on Russia. In 1807 Napoleon met face to face with the Czar, and the treaty of Tilsit they agree garner lasting friendship. However, alliance persepakatan and gradually broken, and in June of 1812 Napoleon led the army stamped giant Russian earth.
The results of these actions have the same note. Russian troops generally avoided direct battle against Napoleon's army, because it can be advanced Napoleon quickly. In September, Napoleon occupied Moscow. However, the Russians burned the city and most of the ground.After waiting for five weeks in Moscow (with the vain hope that Russia would offer peace), Napoleon finally decided to resign, but this decision was too late. Combination of Russian soldiers beating and cruel winter, inadequate supply of French troops led the retreat into the retreat of helter-skelter. Less than ten percent of the giant French soldiers could get out of the Russian earth alive.
European countries, such as Austria and Prussia, was well aware they have a good chance beating France. They combine all the forces against Napoleon, and at the battle of Leipzig in October 1813, Napoleon returned a bitter blow to the staggering. The next year he stopped and banished to the island of Elba, a small island off the coast of Italy.
In 1815 he escaped from Elba Island, returned to France, welcomed and returned to power.European powers declared war immediately, and a hundred days after he had his seat again in the throne of power, Napoleon suffered a fatal defeat at Waterloo.
After Waterloo, Napoleon was imprisoned by the British in St. Helena, a small island in the southern Atlantic Ocean. It was here that he breathed the last breath in 1821 due to cancer attack.
Napoleon's military career presents an interesting paradox. Genius tactic movement is very fascinating, and when measured in terms of it alone, he might be considered one the greatest generals of all time. But in the field of basic strategy he declined due to make big mistakes, such as the invasion of Egypt and Russia. Strategy so dumb mistake that Napoleon dubbed unfit-class military leaders. Is this second assumption is not fair? I think not. Indeed, a general measure of greatness lies in the ability to dodge from doing the mistakes that led towards the destruction. No such thing happened to Alexander the Great, Genghis Khan and Tamerlane the army was never defeated. Since Napoleon ultimately be defeated in the year 1815, France has a smaller area than ever dipunyainya in 1879, when the outbreak of the Revolution.
Napoleon, of course, an "egomaniac" and is often considered semodel with Hitler. However, there is an intricate differences between the two. If Hitler had some of its biggest acts on the hidden ideological impetus, Napoleon driven solely by ambition that he was opportunistic and did not have a sense of great slaughter, and like crazy. In the reign of Napoleon, there is no such concentration camps as Hitler possessed.
Napoleon's name masyhurnya very very easy to trap people thought he was a big influence in exaggerated. Early short-term impact was huge, maybe bigger than Alexander the Great, although not for Hitler. (According to estimates, about 500,000 French soldiers died in the Napoleonic wars, was about 800,000 people were killed during the German World War 2). By any measure, the destruction of Napoleon's actions less than what was done about Hitler.
In regard to long-term impact, Napoleon seems more important than Hitler, though much less important than Alexander the Great. Napoleon made extensive changes in the French administrative system, but only one of the French population over seventy people in the world. In any event, such administrative changes must be viewed from the perspective of a reasonable angle. The effect on the French people is much less than the changes of technological advances during the past two centuries.
Many people say, the Napoleonic period provides an opportunity for changes to the terkonsolidasinya and mapannya the borjuais France. In the year 1815, when the French monarchy eventually reorganized, the changes are sustained and protected so well that the possibility could be the return of social patterns of the old order of things is completely impossible. However, the most important changes actually occur and composed before Napoleon. In the year 1799 when Napoleon held the reins of government may be all the way to a return to the status quo was too late. But, apart from Napoleon's own ambitions to the royal kingdom, he did hold an important role to spread the idea of revolution throughout Europe.
Napoleon also brought by the emergence of vast influences and major in Latin American revolution. Spanish invasion to weaken the government of Spain, so its colonial grip on the colony areas also loosened itself and not effective. In this situation it is de facto autonomy of independence movements in Latin America began to erupt.
Of all the steps deeds of Napoleon, the most important and most have a long-term influence even beyond the plan and had nothing to do with Napoleon's own plan.
In 1803, Napoleon sold the vast region to the United States. He knew, belonged to the French in North America is difficult protected against British attacks. In addition, he also needs money, Louisiana's land sale may be trading in a peaceful land of the largest in the history of the United States and change into a continent-sized country. It is hard to imagine what form the United States without this Louisiana. It would be an entirely different country to what we know today.And also the United States reasonable doubt can be a strong country without a sale and purchase of Louisiana it.
Napoleon, of course, is not the only person who contributes and is responsible for this sale. The American government clearly also hold the role. However, the French offer to sell Louisiana was decided in the negotiations by one person. And the person of Napoleon Bonaparte.