Charles Darwin

Right along with the birth of Abraham Lincoln, February 12, 1809 in Shrewsbury, England.Inventor Charles Darwin's theory of organic evolution in terms of natural selection at the age of sixteen entered the University of Edinburgh to study medicine, but both medical and anatomical science that makes deems bored. Soon after he moved to Cambridge to learn elements of office administration. Even so, hunt and ride horses in Cambridge digemarinya much more than learning science. And even so, he can still attract the attention of one of the Grand Masters who pushed to participate in the investigation on the cruise ship HMS Beagle as a naturalist. At first her father objected to this appointment. She thought the trip was merely a pretext of course reluctant to make Darwin a serious job. Fortunately, later persuaded his father and to bless the journey which eventually turned out to be the most valuable way in the history of European science.
Darwin began to go sailing aboard the Beagle in 1831. At that time he was only twenty-two years. During the five-year voyage, the ship sailed the world's Beagle, scour the coast of South America in an exciting pace, explore the deserted islands of the remote Galapagos Islands, mengambah islands in the Pacific, the Ocean Indonesia and the southern Atlantic Ocean. In perkelanaan it, Darwin witnessed many natural wonders, visiting primitive tribes, found a large number of fossils, examine various types of plants and animals. Beyond that, he made many notes about anything that passes in front of his eyes. These records are the basic ingredient for almost all of his work in the future. From these records were just ideas, and the events and experiences to be supporting his theories.
Darwin returned to his country in 1836 and twenty years later he published a line of books that made him famous biologist in the UK. As of 1837 Darwin convinced that animals and plants are not fixed, but experienced a change in geological history. At that time he had not realized what is the cause of evolution. In 1838 he read the essay "On the principles of population" Thomas Malthus. This Malthusian book menyuguhkannya facts that encourage more convinced of natural selection through competition to sustain life. Even after Darwin had formulated the principles of natural selection, he was in no hurry to print and publish. He was conscious, his theory would invite challenges. Because of that, he takes a long time carefully compile the evidence and put the horses to defend if there is an attack hypothesis.
Outline of the theory written in 1842 and in 1844 he began to compile a lengthy book. In June 1858, when Darwin was still embellish and refine his great work the book, he received a manuscript from Alfred Russel Wallace (a British naturalist who were in the East) outlined his own theory of evolution. In each of the basic issues, along with Wallace's theory Darwin's theory! Wallace set his theory is really standing on his own and sent the manuscript to Darwin's writings to ask for opinions and commentary from prominent scientists signed it before printing.The situation is bad because it easy to develop a battle that is not desired to scramble priorities. The solution, both Wallace and the script outline of Darwin's theory discussed simultaneously by a scientific body in the next month.
Simply stunning, this problem does not pengedepanan so ignored people. Darwin's book The Origin of Species published in the next year, causing an uproar. It is in fact probably never have published a book of knowledge so widespread and so became the material so warm conversation, both within the scientific and lay as happened in the book On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or The Preservation of Favored Races in the Struggle for Life. They put forward their arguments remained cried in 1871 when Darwin published The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex. This book, put forward the idea that human beings originated from a kind of monkey, he called the debate added more opinions.
Darwin himself did not take part in the debate in public about the theories say. It could be due to health because such perkelanaannya after the ship parrjang Beagle (most likely due to fever, Chaga disease due to insect bites in Latin America). And it could be because he feels quite have such staunch supporters of Thomas H. Huxley was a good debate and defense of Darwin's theory, most scientists accept the basic truth of Darwin's theory, when the relevant niati year 1882.
Actually - if you want to talk real or not real - not the first discoverer of Darwin's evolutionary theory of creation. Some people have been loud before him, including the French naturalist Jean Lamarek and Darwin's own grandfather, Erasmus Darwin.
However, their hypothesis was never accepted by the world of science because it was unable to give confidence how and in what manner the evolution occurs. Darwin's greatest contribution is its ability not only present the mechanism of natural selection that resulted in the occurrence of natural evolution, but he also could serve a lot of evidence to support the hypothesis.
Worth noting, Darwin's theory was formulated without the back of any genetic theory or even she knew nothing of that knowledge. In Darwin's time, no one special Happenings faham how a next generation. Although Gregor Mendel's laws finalize descendants in those years coincided with the time Darwin wrote and published a book which makes history, Mendel's work to support Darwin's theory was so perfect, Mendel was ignored almost entirely of people until the year 1900, when Darwin's theory has so established and stable. Thus, our modern understanding about evolution - which is a combination of genetic science with the legal descendants of natural selection - is more complete than Darwin's theory posed.
Darwin's influence on human thought in sekah. In connection with pure science, of course, he had committed acts of revolutionary all aspects of biology. Natural selection really have a very broad principles and fundamental, and various experiments have been conducted in various fields of application, such as anthropology, sociology, political science and economics.
Perhaps even more important influence on Darwin's thinking in terms of religion than to science or sociology. At the time of Darwin and for years afterward, many adherents of the Christian faithful believe that accepting Darwin's theory that lowering the degree of belief in religion. This concerns essentially though it may be clearly many other factors that cause so lunturnya because of religious beliefs. (Darwin himself became a secular).
Even on the basis of a secular, Darwinian cause large changes in the way that people in their thinking about their world affairs (the human race seems) as a whole no longer occupies a central position in the natural scheme of nature as creatures they had akukan. Now we must see ourselves as just one part of the many creatures and we acknowledge the possibility that it would be shifting the tempo. As a result of the investigation results of Darwin, the view that Heraclitus said, "Nothing is permanent except change" becomes more widely accepted.Successful theory of evolution as a general explanation of the origin of humans have been more solidified confidence in the ability of science to answer any questions the physical world (though not all human problems and human). Darwin term, "the strong defeating the weak" and "Struggle for life" has entered a part of our vocabulary.
Indeed Darwin's theory will be explained as well though such as Darwin had never lived in the world. Moreover, measured by what has been produced by Wallace, it is very true, more than any particulars contained in this book list. However, it is Darwin's writings that has revolutionized biology and antropolgi and he who has changed our view of man's place in the world.